First aid 是如何定义 的?

 First aid 是如何定义的?

任何需要一次性治疗的职业伤害或疾病。也包括以观察为目的的进一步检查。

可以参考‘OSHA Recordkeeping Handbook’,里面有非常详细的定义，在Section 1904.7(b)(5)(i)。
完整的handbook可以在这里查看：http://www.osha.gov/recordkeeping/handbook/index.html#1904.5_1
下面是摘录的关于FA的定义：（有很多争议或者模糊的case，handbook里面都有详细解释和Q&A的）
The final rule, at Section 1904.7(b)(5)(i), defines medical treatment as the management and
care of a patient for the purpose of combating disease or disorder. For the purposes of Part
1904, medical treatment does not include:
(A) Visits to a physician or other licensed health care professional solely for observation or
counseling;
(B) The conduct of diagnostic procedures, such as x-rays and blood tests, including the
administration of prescription medications used solely for diagnostic purposes (e.g., eye drops
to dilate pupils); or
(C) "First aid" as defined in paragraph (b)(5)(ii) of this section.
The final rule, at paragraph (b)(5)(ii), defines first aid as follows:
(A) Using a nonprescription medication at nonprescription strength (for medications available in both prescription and
non-prescription form, a recommendation by a physician or other licensed health care professional to use a
non-prescription medication at prescription strength is considered medical treatment for recordkeeping purposes).
(B) Administering tetanus immunizations (other immunizations, such as hepatitis B vaccine or rabies vaccine, are
considered medical treatment).
(C) Cleaning, flushing or soaking wounds on the surface of the skin;
(D) Using wound coverings, such as bandages, Band-Aids®, gauze pads, etc.; or using butterfly bandages or Steri-Strips®
(other wound closing devices, such as sutures, staples, etc. are considered medical treatment);
(E) Using hot or cold therapy;
(F) Using any non-rigid means of support, such as elastic bandages, wraps, non-rigid back belts, etc. (devices with rigid
stays or other systems designed to immobilize parts of the body are considered medical treatment for recordkeeping
purposes);
(G) Using temporary immobilization devices while transporting an accident victim (e.g., splints, slings, neck collars, back
boards, etc.)
(H) Drilling of a fingernail or toenail to relieve pressure, or draining fluid from a blister;
(I) Using eye patches;
(J) Removing foreign bodies from the eye using only irrigation or a cotton swab;
(K) Removing splinters or foreign material from areas other than the eye by irrigation, tweezers, cotton swabs, or other
simple means;
(L) Using finger guards;
(M) Using massages (physical therapy or chiropractic treatment are considered medical treatment for recordkeeping
purposes);
(N) Drinking fluids for relief of heat stress.
This list of first aid treatments is comprehensive, i.e., any treatment not included on this list is not considered first
aid for OSHA recordkeeping purposes. OSHA considers the listed treatments to be first aid regardless of the
professional qualifications of the person providing the treatment; even when these treatments are provided by a physician,
nurse, or other health care professional, they are considered first aid for recordkeeping purposes...